Migration Guide: Rules to Skills

This guide explains how to migrate from the legacy rules format to the official Claude Code skills format.

Why Migrate?

Aspect	Legacy Rules	Skills (New)
Format	Single .md file	Directory with 2 files
Discovery	By filename	By description field
Structure	All in one	SKILL.md + REFERENCE.md
Official	Deprecated	Claude Code standard
Depth	Brief guidelines	Comprehensive reference

Benefits of Skills:

• Better organization with separate index and reference
• Claude Code automatically discovers skills via description
• Cleaner separation of concerns
• Matches official Claude Code conventions

Migration Steps

Step 1: Identify Rules to Migrate

Rules are located in .claude/rules/. Check which are custom vs installed:

# List your current rules
ls -la .claude/rules/

# Installed rules from Claude Craft (can be regenerated)
# - 00-project-context.md
# - 01-*.md, 02-*.md, etc.

# Custom rules you created (need migration)
# - my-custom-rule.md

Step 2: Create Skill Directory Structure

For each rule you want to migrate:

# Create skill directory
mkdir -p .claude/skills/my-custom-skill

Step 3: Create SKILL.md (Index)

Create the index file with frontmatter:

---
name: my-custom-skill
description: Brief description. Use when [specific context].
---

# My Custom Skill

This skill provides guidelines and best practices.

See @REFERENCE.md for detailed documentation.

Important: The description field is how Claude Code discovers your skill. Include:

• What the skill covers
• When to use it (triggers)

Step 4: Create REFERENCE.md (Content)

Move your rule content to the reference file:

# My Custom Skill

## Overview

[Move your rule's context/introduction here]

## Guidelines

### Section 1
[Move detailed guidelines here]

### Section 2
[More content]

## Examples

[Code examples, good/bad patterns]

## Checklist

- [ ] Verification item 1
- [ ] Verification item 2

## Anti-patterns

[What to avoid]

## Resources

- [External link 1](url)

Step 5: Test the Skill

1. Restart Claude Code to load the new skill
2. Ask Claude about the topic - it should reference your skill
3. Verify the skill appears in skill discovery

Step 6: Remove Old Rule

Once verified, remove the old rule file:

rm .claude/rules/my-custom-rule.md

Migration Examples

Example 1: Simple Rule

Before (rules/my-api-standards.md):

# API Standards

Always use:
- REST conventions
- JSON responses
- Proper HTTP status codes

Don't:
- Mix REST and RPC
- Return HTML from APIs

After (skills/api-standards/):

SKILL.md:

---
name: api-standards
description: API design standards. Use when creating or reviewing API endpoints.
---

# API Standards

This skill provides API design guidelines.

See @REFERENCE.md for detailed documentation.

REFERENCE.md:

# API Standards

## Overview

Standards for designing consistent, RESTful APIs.

## Guidelines

### REST Conventions
- Use proper HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)
- Resource-based URLs (/users, /orders)
- Plural nouns for collections

### Response Format
- Always return JSON
- Include appropriate status codes
- Consistent error format

## Anti-patterns

- Mixing REST and RPC styles
- Returning HTML from API endpoints
- Using verbs in URLs (/getUsers)

## Checklist

- [ ] RESTful URL structure
- [ ] Proper HTTP methods
- [ ] JSON responses
- [ ] Appropriate status codes

Example 2: Complex Rule with Code

Before (rules/testing-patterns.md):

# Testing Patterns

## Unit Tests
Use AAA pattern...

## Integration Tests
...

After (skills/testing-patterns/):

SKILL.md:

---
name: testing-patterns
description: Testing patterns and best practices. Use when writing or reviewing tests.
---

# Testing Patterns

This skill covers unit, integration, and E2E testing.

See @REFERENCE.md for detailed documentation.

REFERENCE.md:

# Testing Patterns

## Overview

Comprehensive testing guidelines following TDD/BDD principles.

**Objectives:**
- Code coverage ≥ 80%
- Fast unit tests (< 1s each)
- Independent, reproducible tests

## Unit Tests

### AAA Pattern

```javascript
test('calculates total correctly', () => {
  // Arrange
  const cart = new Cart();
  cart.add({ price: 10 });

  // Act
  const total = cart.getTotal();

  // Assert
  expect(total).toBe(10);
});

Integration Tests

[Content here]

Checklist

• [ ] AAA pattern followed
• [ ] No test interdependencies
• [ ] Descriptive test names

## Bulk Migration Script

For multiple rules, use this script:

```bash
#!/bin/bash
# migrate-rule-to-skill.sh <rule-file>

RULE_FILE="$1"
RULE_NAME=$(basename "$RULE_FILE" .md)
SKILL_DIR=".claude/skills/${RULE_NAME}"

# Create skill directory
mkdir -p "$SKILL_DIR"

# Create SKILL.md
cat > "$SKILL_DIR/SKILL.md" << EOF
---
name: ${RULE_NAME}
description: [Add description]. Use when [context].
---

# ${RULE_NAME}

This skill provides guidelines and best practices.

See @REFERENCE.md for detailed documentation.
EOF

# Copy content to REFERENCE.md
cp "$RULE_FILE" "$SKILL_DIR/REFERENCE.md"

echo "Created skill: $SKILL_DIR"
echo "TODO: Edit SKILL.md description and refine REFERENCE.md"

Usage:

./migrate-rule-to-skill.sh .claude/rules/my-custom-rule.md

Keeping Legacy Rules

If you prefer to keep legacy rules:

1. They still work - Claude Code loads rules from .claude/rules/
2. No action required - Existing installations continue to function
3. Gradual migration - Migrate as needed, no rush

Claude Craft installs both skills and legacy rules for backward compatibility.

Troubleshooting

Skill Not Discovered

Problem: Claude doesn't seem to use your skill

Solutions:

1. Check description field is present and descriptive
2. Restart Claude Code to reload skills
3. Verify file is in .claude/skills/<name>/SKILL.md

REFERENCE.md Not Found

Problem: Claude mentions skill but can't find details

Solutions:

1. Ensure REFERENCE.md exists in same directory as SKILL.md
2. Check file permissions
3. Verify markdown syntax is valid

Duplicate Content

Problem: Both rule and skill exist with same content

Solution: Remove the old rule file after verifying skill works:

rm .claude/rules/old-rule.md

Best Practices

1. Descriptive names - Use kebab-case: api-standards, testing-react
2. Clear descriptions - Include when to use the skill
3. Structured reference - Use consistent sections (Overview, Guidelines, Checklist)
4. Examples included - Show good and bad patterns
5. Keep it focused - One skill per domain/topic

See Also

• Skills Reference - Complete skills documentation
• CONTRIBUTING.md - Creating new skills